• Introduction: Enhancing Database Systems
• Enhancing the undergraduate Data Management Systems course: IDS 480
• Enhancing the undergraduate Database Systems course: a proposal for an advanced Database Course

Database Systems in the Undergraduate Information Systems Curriculum

• One Course Only Exists
• Covers the Basic Concepts
• Little room for new material
• Computational Science used to improve learning
• Need for an Advanced Course
• Physical Database Structures
• Data base Administration
• Data warehouses
  • Computational Science Topics to be Included
  • Computational Science Tools to Improve learning

THE CURRENT DATABASE COURSE, IDS 480--An Overview

1.  
2. Introduction to database management systems
3. Database Design

    

4. Introduction to ORACLE and SQL
5. Transactions issues
6. Physical Data structures used in database management systems
7. New environments for DBMS and advanced topics

THE CURRENT DATABASE COURSE, IDS 480

1.  
2. Introduction to database management systems

•  
• traditional file systems
• Elements of database systems and the database environment
• Concepts of Relational Database Systems

1.  
2. Database Design

•  
• Phases in Data Base Design
• Data modeling using the Entity-Relationship approach.
• Mapping an Entity-Relationship Design to a Relational
• Normal forms

1.  
2. Introduction to ORACLE and SQL

•  
• Acessing ORACLE
• Creating tables
• Retrieval of data from single files.
• Retrieval of data from multiple files: joins
• Commands to modify data: Update, Delete, Insert
• Views
• Grant Commands

1.  
2. Transactions issues

•  
• data integrity/security/privacy
• recovery from failure
• concurrency control.

1.  
2. Physical Data structures used in database management systems

•  
• Characteristics of Storage Devices: access time and capacity
• trees, networks, linked lists and inverted structures.
• organization of indexes: B-Trees.

1.  
2. New environments for DBMS and advanced topics

•  
• client/server
• distributed database systems
• Data Warehousing
• Internet
• database machines

TOPICS COVERED in DEPTH

•  
• Introduction to database management systems
•  
• Database Design
•  
• Introduction to ORACLE and SQL

TOPICS COVERED LIGHTLY

•  
• Transactions issues
•  
• Physical Data structures used in database management systems

TOPICS RARELY COVERED

•  
• New environments for DBMS and advanced topics

Improving the learning of SQL commands

• Most complex topics:
  • joins
  • count function
  • views
• Proposed teaching improvement
• Use computational science techniques
  • Data visualization
  • Animation
• Demonstrations
• Join of two tables:

•  
• Join of three tables:

• Normalization versus "De-normalization"

•  
• Introducing NPACI applications
• Storage for large databases: robots for tape silos

• Data Storage
• Physical Data Structures
• Recovery from Failure

ORACLE techniques

• Concurrency Control
• Data Warehouses and OLAP
• Internet and Java Database Connectivity
• Object-Oriented Databases

The Relational-object model (ORACLE)

• Multimedia Databases and Metadata

• Data Storage
• IBM HPSS
• Near-online storage:
• Digitized tapes
• Robotics silos of digitized tapes

• Physical Data structures
• Animation techniques used to show improvement brought by physical data structures
• Data Warehouses
• Use of parallel techniques for performance improvement
• Comparison of Database Machines (NCR) and NPACI
• Multimedia Databases
• Storage (digitized tapes and robotic silo)
• Timing questions: use of caches
• Physical data structures
• Metadata
• Queries
• Java Database Connectivity

Mass Data Storage

• NPACI Archival System Resources at SDSC: HPSS
• Available Tape Storage: 60 TB
• Available Disk Cache: 250 GB
•  
• Why HPSS? www.sdsc.edu/hpss/hpss1.html
• hierarchical storage system designed to deal with
  • the massive amounts of data in modern computing systems,
  • imbalance of computational vs. I/O capabilities.
• Driving Trends
  • Rapid improvements in applications and algorithms
  • compute capabilities
  • User's need for a high-level view of information, not a low-level storage view
  • Shift from centralized to distributed computing
  • Need to integrate distributed information repositories.
  • Shift from proprietary to open systems
  • Rapid improvements in local and wide area networking technology
  •  
  • compute capabilities
  • memory sizes
  • data collection
  • devices
     
  • multimedia capabilities
  • integration of enterprise data

    producing multigigabyte-to-terabyte datasets

    need for scalability to petabyte and exabyte stores

    • Significantly slower improvement in storage device performance relative to other system components: 50% vs 20%

SURVEY OF MASS STORAGE HARDWARE

•  
• Removable Storage Media
• Tape Drives
• Archival Systems
• High Performance Connections
• RAID systems

•  
• Tape technology
  • Serpentine
  • Helical

Examples of small and large devices (digitized square tapes)

FastStor

• DLT4000, DLT7000, DLT8000
• 7 Cartridges Positions
• Up to 560 GB Capacity
• Up to 43 GB/hour Transfer rate

FastStor 22

• DLT4000, DLT7000, DLT8000
• 22 Cartridges Positions
• Up to 1.76 TB Capacity
• Up to 43 GB/hour Transfer rate
•  

Name IBM 3490E IBM 3590 SD-3

Form factor 1/2" 1/2" 19 mm cartridge

cartridge cartridge

Capacity 0.8 GB 10 GB 10/25/50 GB

Recording serpentine serpentine helical

format

. Name DLT 7000 Exabyte Sony AIT

Mammoth

Form factor 1/2" cartridge 8 mm cartridge 8 mm cartridge

Capacity 35 GB 20 GB 25 GB

Recording serpentine helical helical

format

•  
• Storage Need: explosive growth
  • computer networks
  • databases
  • scientifc
  • multimedia
  • video/audio
•  
• TECHNOLOGY CHANGES
  • Performance
  • Capacity

TAPE ROBOT/SILO SYSTEMS

StorageTek

One silo = up to 6000 1/2" tapes

Connect up to 256 silos

Maximum capacity: 1.2 to Perabytes to 123 Perabytes

ADIC

500 to 10000 tapes

up to 50 tape drives

http://www.adic.com/US/English/Products/Hardware/MixedMedia/AML2/index.html

http://www.storagetek.com/StorageTek/about/about_vid.html

Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks

Technologies

• Striping
• Mirroring
• Duplexing

6 RAID levels (0 to 5)

CONCLUSION

Computational Science In Database Courses

• Tools to improve learning
• Visualization
• Animation
• Content
  • New types of databases

Multimedia/video/audio

Data Warehouses

• Mass Storage
• Physical Data Structures
• Metadata
• Internet Access (Java Data Base Connectivity